RING OF FIRE from varkala, kerala, india

Wednesday, January 20, 2010

Report of ASE 2010

SPACE – ASE REPORT, JAN 15, 2010

The Annular Solar Eclipse which gained popularity as the Millennium's longest duration eclipse and as the 'Ring of Fire', occurred on Jan 15, 2010. SPACE (Science Popularization Association of Communicators and Educators) and ECa (Eclipse Chasers Athenaeum) celebrated this with events around India including public eclipse watches, scientific and educational expeditions and a cruise to Maldives.

Pictures of the ASE taken by SPACE teams can be seen at:

Recordings of the webcast of the ASE provided by the SPACE team from Varkala is available at on USTREAM  at http://www.ustream.tv/channel/annular-solar-eclipse-january-15th-2010

Following events and projects were executed by SPACE group during the ASE 2010

I.                    Pre-Eclipse Workshops, Delhi, 10th Jan, 2010
Space organized an eclipse workshop for all the schools at Delhi and NCR on 10th Jan 2010 from 9:30am to 2 pm. This workshop was held at a nodal point i.e. Nehru Planetarium for the maximum accessibility of all the space schools. The workshop began with a power point presentation that included all the basic facts about the eclipse. This presentation also explained the circumstances especially for the annular eclipse and why this eclipse is longest in three millenniums. Presentation included many rare and beautiful pictures that made the audience really excited to watch the upcoming solar eclipse. It also talked about the safe methods to watch any solar eclipse. This was followed by a demonstration and hand on the safe methods to watch the eclipse. All the safe as well unsafe equipments were shown to the audience and the explanation for using them was given thoroughly to the participants. Audience also came to know about the Do’s and Don’ts during a solar eclipse. The entire workshop had a continuous focus on breaking the superstitions and myths during an eclipse. The SPACE team could really see the eagerness and excitement for the upcoming solar eclipse on all the participants’ faces at the end of the workshop.


II.                  Pre-Eclipse Talk by Prof. Jay Pasachoff, 11th Jan 2010
SPACE and Nehru Planetarium jointly organized an interaction and talk with noted eclipse expert, Prof. Jay Pasachoff, field memorial professor of Astronomy and director of Hopkins Observatory at Nehru Planetarium on 11th Jan, 2010. More than 170 students and 30 space club school coordinators attended as Prof. Pasachoff shared his eclipse experiences. It was very interesting interaction between the students and Prof. Pasachoff. He cleared their doubts about eclipses. It was indeed a great opportunity for students to interact with the top most authority in solar eclipses in the world. Electronic and print media persons were there to cover the event.

III.               Public Watches in Delhi/NCR  for ASE, 15th Jan 2010
SPACE teams conducted public solar eclipse watches in Delhi. A watch was held at Nehru Planetarium. The observations in SPACE schools in delhi and NCR went off well as most of the schools arranged the eclipse watch. Hillwoods academy, Ahalcon school,  and Apeejay Pitampura and had big crowd of students and teachers to view the eclipse. Reports from other schools are awaited. Students of Salwan Public school and St. Mary’s observed the eclipse from the planetarium.

IV.                SPACE Nodal Centers (SNCs), 15th Jan 2010
SNC's accross the nation had organised successful solar eclipse watches in the institutions. Deepak Sharma of SNC Meerut went to Kanyakumari to observe the eclipse and did outreach activities with eager public there. Ashutosh Tripathi of SNC Indore, joined the team of SPACE in Varkala and did eclipse photography. More reports from other SNC’s are awaited.

V.                  VARKALA, KERALA, 15th Jan 2010
In Varkala, Kerala which is at the Northern edge of the Annular Eclipse, SPACE held several projects in an effort to address different aspects of the eclipse. These included a public watch, educational experiments with school children and a scientific team’s attempts to capture Baily’s Beads.

a. Varkala - Public Watch
A public watch was held at the scenic helipad location on a cliff overlooking the beach, and the public were treated to vistas of the eclipse over the ocean. About 800 people showed up at the helipad area to catch a glimpse! Science teams from SPACE led the observations and explained the stages as well as provided people with solar goggles. Shikha Chanana and Mr. Ved Prakash Bahmba explained the phenomenon and showed safe ways to view the eclipse to the eager crowd comprising of locals and foreign tourists there.


b. Varkala - Educational Experiments
A team of about 10 school students were led by SPACE science officer Tanmay Paranjpaye into performing several real time experiments during the eclipse. The students ranged from third graders to college students, and hailed from Delhi, Shimla and Hyderabad. Experiments ranged from measurements of temperature, humidity and ambient light variations as well as radio frequency measurements before during and after the eclipse. These experiments were instrumental in involving the school children in real time experimentation and data collection.

Detailed Report
Students performed the experiments on 14th Jan 2010 (Pre-Eclipse day), 15th Jan 2010 (Eclipse day). Pre eclipse and Post eclipse day readings served as the reference to check the magnitude of variations observed.
1. Variation of Air Temperature and Humidity.
This experiment was performed at two altitudes by students using digital Hygrometer and Thermometer.
1a. At 2m above ground (by Gautam Sharma, Hyderabad Public School):
Pre eclipse day -
Humidity: almost constant 58 to 59%
Temperature: almost constant ranging from 33 to 35 degree C.
Eclipse Day -
Temperature : Dropped from 32 to 25.6 deg C during annularity and went up again to 33.4 deg C.
Humidity: Max. 56%, During annularity 54% and Min. 48%

1b. 10m above ground  (Shashank Shekhar and Pallavi Mamgain The airforce school subroto park, delhi)
Pre-Eclipse Day -
Temperature: almost constant ranging from 30 to 32 degree C.
Humidity: almost constant 66 to 67%
Eclipse Day -
Temperature: Dropped from 32 to 28.3 deg C during annularity and went up again to 32 deg C.
Humidity: Max. 64%, During annularity 62 to 63% and Min. 54%

2. Variation of Wind Speed
2a. 2m above ground (Sidharth Raj Agarwal, Birla Vidya Niketan delhi)
Apparatus used was a digital anemometer. Observed changes:
Pre- Eclipse Day – Wind Speed: Max. 2.6 m/s , Min. 0.7 m/s
Eclipse Day - Wind Speed: Max. 5.8 m/s, During Annularity 0.1 m/s  and Min. 0.1m/s .

2b. 10m above ground (Shashank Shekhar and Pallavi Mamgain The airforce school subroto park, delhi)
Pre-Eclipse day - Wind Speed : Max. 3.6 m/s, Min. 0.3 m/s
Eclipse Day - Wind Speed: Max. 3.3 m/s, During annularity 0.2 to 1.4 m/s and Min. 0.2 m/s

3. Variation of Ambient Brightness (Praful Sharma, Alcon Public School)
3a. 2m above the ground.
Apparatus used was a digital Luxmeter. Observed changes:
Pre eclipse day - Ambient Light: Max. 1839*20000 Lux , Min. 168*20000 Lux
Eclipse Day - Ambient Light : Max.  1460*20000 Lux, During Annularity 80 to 130*20000 Lux  and Min. 80* 20000 Lux.

The rest of the students  (Chhavi, Asmi, Sharmishtha and Dhananjay ) belonged to standard Jr KG to 3rd of Indraprastha world school, Paschim Vihar, Delhi. They were involved in visual observations of the eclipse and drawing the various phases of the eclipse.

4. Radio Measurements
Tushar, a member of Astronomica and a student volunteer with SPACE, monitored the Sun at 20 MHz with SPACEs Radio Jove receiver assembled by him as team member under SPACE project and Dipole antenna for three days, starting a day before the eclipse and ending a day after. He got some interesting results correlated to the large sunspot group present on the Sun on the eclipse day.


Varkala - Scientific Team captured Baily’s Beads
Report from Scientific Team, Varkala, Kerala, ASE 2010, SPACE

It certainly seems like the efforts of SPACE team in choosing Varkala, Kerala as the place for observing ASE 2010 paid off. While many people prefer to go to the centre line of the eclipse to see the perfect do-nut like Sun (about 10-11 minutes duration for this eclipse), SPACE chose to go to the near the northern grazing zone of the eclipse just 3 KM inside the interior limit of the graze zone where the phenomenon of Baily's Beads - the beautiful, rapidly changing beads of light formed as the lunar mountains graze past the surface of the Sun and the light from the photosphere shines through the lunar valleys - would be most dynamic and prolonged (ref: http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEmono/reference/graze.html) while still giving an Annularity of 2 minutes 56 seconds (after correcting for lunar limb profile). The observation of Bailys Beads from the edge of the eclipse path also helps in accurately determining the size of the Lunar shadow and thereby accurately determining the diameter of the Sun (method: http://weblore.com/richard/Solareclipse.htm).

SPACE ASE 2010 Scientific Team was located at the roof of hotel Sanctum Spring beach resort (08° 44' 09."3 N, 76° 42' 18.0" E) near the Helipad, Varkala. The team comprised of Vikrant Narang, Chander Bhushan Devgun, Mila Mitra and Surendar Solanki. They were assisted by the technical team of Mani and satish.

Here are preliminary reports of Experiments and Photography:

1) Video Recording Baily's Beads at High Time and Pixel Resolution:
Equipment Used: Cannon 500D DSLR at prime focus behing 10" Meade LX200 telescope.

Focal Length: 2500mm,
Resolution: Full HD (1920px X 1080 px),
Frame Rate: 20 Frames per second,
Filter: Black Polymer filter from Thousand Oaks Opticals.
Timing recording method: Beeper Sync Software and Verbal Announcement by Looking at GPS Screen.

The setup successfully recorded spectacular video of beading phenomenon at a very high resolution. The beading can be seen in the video for over 1m 30sec before second contact and over 1m after 3rd contact. This hi definition footage can be termed as the first one ever taken from India by group of astronomers apart from the research institutions working in this field.


The feed from this was streamed live intermittently on Aaj Tak TV channel as an exclusive coverage.

Two exciting possibilities are being considered to analyze the data:
a) See how the data can be used to help the research by IOTA to measure the Solar Diameter

b) Co-relate the lunar limb profile generated from beading phenomenon with Kaguya lunar limb profile. (method: http://www.digitalsky.org.uk/3cls/3cls.html)

2) Photography of the Eclipse
Equipment Used: Cannon 450D DSLR at prime focus behind 110mm dia/700mm fl William Optics Refractor Telescope piggy backed in 10" Meade LX200 telescope.

Filter: Black Polymer filter from Thousand Oaks Opticals.
Software used: Images Plus
The annularity was shot with filters on.
Images of the eclipse have been uploaded at:
http://picasaweb.google.co.in/organisationspace

3) Webcast

A live webcast was shown on www.eclipsechasers.org
1.3 mp webcam was linked to a 50mm achromat with 300mm fl and it was streamed live on the www.ustream.tv In all 106876 views were recorded on the website making it the most viewed site on the day of the eclipse for webcast on ustream in eclipse webcasts. Most of the TV channels used the webcast to shoe the eclipse from Varkala!!

4) HD Video of the eclipse with a Handy Cam

HD Video of the whole eclipse duration was shot with sony handycam mounted on meade lx200 10” at 1920x1080 pixels resolution. Soon the whole footage will be available online.

VI.                SPACE at Dhanushkodi, Tamilnadu

SPACE C.M.D. Mr. Sachin Bahmba travelled from varkala, kerala especially to Dhanushkodi to meet Tamilnadu Governor Mr. Surjit Singh Barnala and to show him the ASE. Mr. Bahmba showed the eclipse to the Governor and other dignitaries. Lt.  Governer of Pondicherry Mr. Iqbal singh also was treated to the rare phenomenon of annularity. Lot of police personnel and public viewed the eclipse from the 76mm telescope with special filters mounted  for eclipse viewing.

VII.             FIRST ECLIPSE CRUISE FROM KOCHI TO MALDIVES, 13-16th Jan 2010
STEPL (SPACE Technology and Education Private Ltd.) partnered with Luis Cruises India to take an avid crowd of passengers aboard the luxury liner Aquamarine from Kochi to Maldives and back to view the Annular Solar Eclipse. Over 650 people were on board to enjoy the ships amenities as well as star parties and navigational tips. The eclipse was viewed from the docked point close to Male, which is along the Central annularity line therefore a great view of the Annular Eclipse was observed by about 100 people, although the clouds made only 1 min 20 sec of the eclipse visible. This eclipse cruise was a first time path breaking concept in India. This innovative feat has now placed SPACE in the unique position of having organized eclipse watches from Earth, sky and now Water. Mr Amit Verma, Preshanth J, Shubham Garg and Mrs Pooja Kumar were part of the SPACE team which interacted with passengers and showed them the eclipse.

VIII.           ECLIPSE CRUISE ABOARD VRINDA, 14-15th Jan 2010
STEPL also partnered with the Oberoi Vessel Vrinda to take people aboard a motor cruise starting at Vembanad Lake and travelled along the backwaters of Kerala to show them the eclipse from the water. Guests were assisted in photographing and observing the eclipse by Mr. Nikhil Pawar, scientific officer.

IX.               POST ECLIPSE INTERACTION WITH PROF. PASACHOFF, 18th Jan 2010
SPACE had set up an interaction session with Prof. Jay Pasachoff at Apeejay Pritampura School, where he gave the students a presentation on ‘Eclipses and experiences’, and the students interacted with him after that via a questions and answers session. The SPACE team also shot a documentary footage of him covering his experiences.

ECLIPSE OBSERVATIONS FROM SPACE REGINAL CENTRES:
SPACE regional centres in Hyderabad, Banglore and Kolkata also organized public observations on the day of the eclipse to make general public aware of the event. Detailed reports are awaited.


All India radio did a talk show on the eclipse on 15 january, 2010 in which President SPACE, C B Devgun, discussed various ways to see the eclipse safely.

Appendix:
Pictures of the ASE taken by SPACE teams can be seen at:

Recordings of the webcast of the ASE provided by the SPACE team from Varkala is available at www.ustream.tv

For details contact
Mila Mitra
Scientific Officer
SPACE
9971641274

Tuesday, January 12, 2010

SPACE Scientific team set up base in varkala

SPACE Scientific team established is base at varkala 8.733°N 76.717°E today in the evening. Vikrant Narang along with Mani and satish did a rekke of the resort and are about to decide on the place for experiments.

Map for SPACE india gate observation on 15th January


Map for SPACE india gate observation on 15th January

experiments and events by SPACE

Scientific and Outreach Teams from SPACE, its sister organisations, SPACE club schools and Space Nodal Centres will do the following:

Photographic experiments by SPACE team

At Varkala 8 °44'7"N   76°42'16"E
HD Video of the Baily’s beads with Canon 500d attached to Meade lx200 gps 10” f/10 at Prime focus.
Imagery of Baily’s beads with canon 450d at the prime focus of William optics APO 110mm f/7 OTA
Video recording of the eclipse through the Coronado PST 40mm with webcam attached at prime focus.
Webcast of the Eclipse throught 50mm f/6 achromat assembly coupled with webcam
Whole eclipse in one frame on 18mm lens Nikon d80.

At cruise to Maldives:
Whole eclipse in one frame on 18mm lens canon 450d
Webcast of the eclipse with 50mm f/6 system with webcam

At dhanushkodi 9°10'53"N   79°24'47"E
By SPACE outreach team
Imaging the eclipse in one frame by Space Nodal Centre, Meerut

Physical experiments during the eclipse:

Air temperature and Humidity variation
To observe and record the variation of Air temperature and Humidity at 3 levels, Graound level, above 2m and above 10 m.

Wind speed variation
To observe and record the variation of wind speed at 2 levels, above 2 m and above 10m level.

Soil temperature variation
To observe and record the variation of soil temperature.

Ambient light variation
To observe and record the variation of ambient light through luxmeter.

Public Outreach programmes:
Delhi:

At Nehru Planetarium, Teen Murti House 10:30 am to 3:45 PM
At India Gate Lawns, New Delhi 10:30 am to 3:45 PM
Observations by Students in SPACE club schools in Delhi and NCR

DhanushKodi
Outreach programme by SPACE outreach team and Space Nodal Centre, Meerut
Space Nodal Centres across India
Public Observations at Space Nodal Centres in Jaipur, Bhopal, mandi Dabhwali, Meerut, Jhansi, Patna,

Varkala
Public Observation near Helipad at Varkala by SPACE outreach team

Cruise to Maldives 4°10'25"N   73°30'31"E

Eclipse Observation for cruise passengers by SPACE outreach team

Cruise in Wembnad Lake 9°35'30"N   76°23'29"E
Eclipse observations for passengers

Wednesday, January 6, 2010

Monday, January 4, 2010

Timing of Annular eclipse for diffrent cities in INDIA

TABLE OF ANNULAR PHASE OF CERTAIN PLACES IN INDIA
FOR ANNULAR ECLIPSE ON JANUARY 15, 2010

Place
Annularity begins (second contact)
(I.S.T.)

Greatest Phase (I.S.T.)
Annularity ends
(third contact)
(I.S.T.)

Duration of Annularity
 Kanayakumari
13h 10m 09.5s
13h 15m 08.6s
13h 20m 07.8s
9m 58s
Karaikal
13h 21m 00.2s
13h24m 48.8s
13h 28m 37.5s
7m 37s
Madurai
13h 18m 44.9s
13h 20m 14.2s
13h 21m 43.4s
2m 58s
Nagapattinam
13h 20m 39.4s
13h 24m 38.6s
13h 28m 37.8s
7m 58s
Nagercoil
13h 09m 47.1s
13h 14m 35.5s
13h 19m 24.0s
9m 37s
Rameswaram
13h 16m 41.0s
13h 21m 44.9s
13h 26m 48.9s
10m 08s
Sivaganga
13h 17m 37.3s
13h 22m 35.0s
13h 27m 32.8s
9m 56s
Tanjore
13h 20m 33.1s
13h 23m 34.8s
13h 26m 36.5s
6m 03s
Trivandrum
13h 10m 50.8s
13h 14m 28.5s
13h 18m 06.2s
7m 15s
Thiruvarur
13h 20m 33.1s
13h 24m 16.6s
13h 28m 00.0s
7m 27s
Tiruneveli
13h 12m 25.0s
13h 16m 47.8s
13h 21m 10.6s
8m 46s

Eclipse timings for partial eclipse in INDIA

Courtesy Positional Astronomy Centre Kolkata
Place
Eclipse Begins (I.S.T.)
Greatest Phase (I.S.T.)
Magnitude
Eclipse Ends (I.S.T.)
 Agartala
12h 16.3m
14h 03.0m
0.856
15h 31.6m
Ahmedabad
11h 27.2m
13h 22.3m
0.563
15h 03.5m
Aizawl
12h 19.6m
14h 05.0m
0.881
15h 32.7m
Ajmer
11h 41.7m
13h 31.2m
0.531
15h 06.8m
Allahabad
11h 56.7m
13h 47.5m
0.665
15h 21.0m
Amritsar
11h 55.7m
13h 35.0m
0.443
15h 03.0m
Bangalore
11h 16.5m
13h 23.5m
0.846
15h 11.1m
Bhagalpur
12h 08.5m
13h 57.0m
0.755
15h 27.7m
Bhopal
11h 40.5m
13h 35.7m
0.635
15h 14.0m
Bhubaneswar
11h 56.6m
13h 51.2m
0.840
15h 26.1m
Cannanore
11h 07.0m
13h 15.5m
0.831
15h 06.4m
Chandigarh
11h 57.5m
13h 39.4m
0.488
15h 08.5m
Chennai
11h 25.4m
13h 30.5m
0.891
15h 15.2m
Cochin
11h 05.7m
13h 14.9m
0.886
15h 06.0m
Cooch Behar
12h 15.8m
14h 01.5m
0.772
15h 30.0m
Cuttack
11h 57.1m
13h 51.5m
0.835
15h 26.2m
Darjeeling
12h 14.3m
14h 00.0m
0.737
15h 28.7m
Dehra Dun
11h 59.0m
13h 41.9m
0.513
15h 11.4m
Delhi
11h 53.2m
13h 39.1m
0.531
15h 11.0m
Dibrugarh
12h 28.8m
14h 09.4m
0.834
15h 33.9m
Dwarka
11h 15.9m
13h 10.3m
0.524
14h 54.2m
Gandhinagar
11h 28.2m
13h 23.0m
0.562
15h 03.8m
Gangtok
12h 15.5m
14h 00.6m
0.737
15h 28.9m
Gaya
12h 03.0m
13h 53.2m
0.731
15h 25.5m
Guwahati
12h 20.6m
14h 04.8m
0.812
15h 31.9m
Hardwar
11h 58.2m
13h 41.9m
0.521
15h 11.9m
Hazaribagh
12h 02.1m
13h 53.1m
0.752
15h 25.9m
Hubli
11h 14.4m
13h 20.2m
0.756
15h 08.4m
Hyderabad
11h 29.4m
13h 32.0m
0.769
15h 15.2m
Imphal
12h 23.7m
14h 07.2m
0.877
15h 33.5m
 Itanagar
12h 25.8m
14h 07.7m
0.821
15h 33.2m
Jaipur
11h 45.7m
13h 34.6m
0.541
15h 09.2m
Jalandhar
11h 55.7m
13h 35.9m
0.455
15h 04.3m
Jammu
11h 58.3m
13h 35.4m
0.425
15h 01.7m
Kanyakumari
11h 06.0m
13h 15.1m
0.919
15h 05.7m
Karaikal*
11h 17.8m
13h 24.8m
0.919
15h 11.6m
Kavalur
11h 19.7m
13h 26.2m
0.876
15h 12.7m
Kavaratti
10h 55.1m
13h 04.6m
0.812
14h 59.6m
Kohima
12h 25.1m
14h 07.8m
0.861
15h 33.6m
Kolhapur
11h 15.0m
13h 19.4m
0.713
15h 07.1m
Kolkata
12h 07.2m
13h 57.5m
0.834
15h 29.1m
Koraput
11h 45.1m
13h 43.6m
0.815
15h 22.0m
Kozhikode
11h 06.9m
13h 15.7m
0.851
15h 06.5m
Kurnool
11h 24.6m
13h 28.9m
0.795
15h 13.9m
Lucknow
11h 57.5m
13h 46.4m
0.623
15h 19.0m
Madurai*
11h 12.0m
13h 20.2m
0.919
15h 09.0m
Mangalore
11h 07.4m
13h 15.4m
0.800
15h 06.1m
Midnapore
12h 04.5m
13h 55.7m
0.819
15h 28.1m
Mt. Abu
11h 31.9m
13h 24.2m
0.536
15h 03.2m
Mumbai
11h 16.7m
13h 18.2m
0.644
15h 04.5m
Murshidabad
12h 09.8m
13h 58.5m
0.798
15h 29.1m
Muzaffarpur
12h 06.4m
13h 54.7m
0.711
15h 25.7m
Mysore
11h 11.9m
13h 19.8m
0.843
15h 09.0m
Nagapattinam*
11h 17.6m
13h 24.6m
0.919
15h 11.5m
Nagercoil*
11h 05.3m
13h 14.6m
0.919
15h 05.4m
Nagpur
11h 39.9m
13h 37.7m
0.705
15h 17.1m
Nainital
11h 59.8m
13h 44.6m
0.552
15h 14.9m
Nalgonda
11h 30.3m
13h 32.9m
0.739
15h 16.0m
Nashik
11h 22.4m
13h 22.5m
0.640
15h 06.8m
Nellore
11h 27.6m
13h 32.0m
0.858
15h 16.0m
Nowgang
12h 22.9m
14h 06.2m
0.824
15h 32.7m
Panjim
11h 10.6m
13h 16.3m
0.730
15h 05.7m
Patna
12h 04.7m
13h 53.9m
0.716
15h 25.5m
 Pondicherry
11h 21.6m
13h 27.8m
0.908
15h 13.5m
Port Blair
12h 04.6m
13h 54.2m
0.762
15h 24.1m
Pune
11h 18.6m
13h 20.8m
0.670
15h 06.8m
Puri
11h 55.8m
13h 50.8m
0.849
15h 26.0m
Raipur
11h 47.2m
13h 43.7m
0.747
15h 21.1m
Rajamundry
11h 38.4m
13h 39.4m
0.836
15h 20.0m
Rajkot
11h 20.3m
13h 15.9m
0.550
14h 59.1m
Rameswaram*
11h 14.0m
13h 21.7m
0.919
15h 09.6m
Ranchi
12h 01.2m
13h 52.9m
0.766
15h 26.1m
Sambalpur
11h 53.9m
13h 48.7m
0.782
15h 24.2m
Shillong
12h 20.1m
14h 04.7m
0.827
15h 32.1m
Sibsagar
12h 27.7m
14h 08.9m
0.840
15h 33.8m
Silchar
12h 21.1m
14h 05.6m
0.858
15h 32.8m
Siliguri
12h14.2m
14h 00.1m
0.747
15h 28.9m
Silvassa
11h 20.7m
13h 20.4m
0.622
15h 05.0m
Simla
11h 59.0m
13h 40.3m
0.485
15h 08.8m
Sivaganga*
11h 15.0m
13h 22.6m
0.919
15h 10.2m
Srinagar
12h 01.7m
13h 35.7m
0.401
14h 59.9m
Sringeri
11h 10.3m
13h 17.7m
0.797
15h 07.5m
Tamenlong
12h 23.1m
14h 06.8m
0.867
15h 33.3m
Tanjore*
11h 16.9m
13h 24.2m
0.919
15h 11.4m
Thimpu
12h 17.8m
14h 02.2m
0.750
15h 29.8m
Thiruvarur*
11h 17.1m
13h 24.3m
0.919
15h 11.3m
Tirunelveli*
11h 07.9m
13h 16.8m
0.919
15h 06.8m
Trichur
11h 06.7m
13h 15.7m
0.874
15h 06.5m
Trivandrum*
11h 05.1m
13h 14.5m
0.919
15h 05.5m
Udaipur
11h 34.4m
13h 27.1m
0.552
15h 05.6m
Ujjain
11h 36.0m
13h 31.4m
0.610
15h 10.7m
Vadodara
11h 26.8m
13h 23.3m
0.587
15h 05.2m
Varanasi
11h 59.2m
13h 49.7m
0.687
15h 22.7m
Vijaywada
11h 34.0m
13h 36.24m
0.826
15h 18.2m